西藏昌都地区栽培大麦分类研究

A RESEARCH ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF CULTIVATED BARLEY IN CHANGDU DISTRICT OF TIBET AUTONOMOUS REGION

对搜集于西藏昌都地区７７０份大麦地方品种进行鉴定和分类，它们属于１个种２个亚种２５３个变种，其中新变种６３个。多棱大麦变种占９５％，裸麦多于皮麦。变种中以稀穗、窄护颖、直对芒和短芒、齿芒、穗和籽粒深色（黑、褐、紫、蓝绿、灰）等类型占多数。二棱大麦以ｎｕｔａｎｓ，多棱大麦以ｊｉｎｓｈａｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｅ、ｈｉｍａｌａｙｅｎｓｅ、ｃｏｅｌｅｓｔｅ、ｄｏｐｌｉｖｉｏｌａｃｅｕｍ、ｂｒｅｖｉｓｅｔｕｍ、ｂｒｅｖｉｓｅｔｕｍ、ｒｅｖｅｌａｔｕｍ和ｋｏｎｃｈｉｅｎｓｅ等变种分布较厂。变种数、深色型变种和多棱大麦变种的分布频率都以昌都县为最高。

770 local barley cultivars collected from Changdu District of Tibet Autonomous Region were identified and classified. They belong to one species, two subspecies and 253 varieties,of which 63 are new varieties. The varieties of poly-rowed barley account for 95 per cent, of which the naked barley takes up the greater part than the hulled. The majority of varietiesare those with lax spike, narrow glumes, straight symmetrical awns (such as, long medium awns and awnless lateralawns) and short awns, awns with dentation, dark-coloured (black, brown, violet, dark-grey) ear and seed. The more widely distributed varieties of two-rowed barley are nutans, and those of poly-rowed barley are jinshajiangense, himalayease, coeleste, dupliviolaceum, brevisetum,revelatum, konchiense. The number of varieties, and the frequency of distribution of dark-coloured varieties and poly-rowed barley are the highest across the Changdu county.