公共场所从业人员艾滋病防治知识、信念和态度调查

AN INVESTIGATION INTO KNOWLEDGE、BELIEF AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS AIDS AMONG THE SERVANTS WORKING IN PUBLIC PLACES.

目的:了解公共场所从业人员AIDS相关的知识水平、信念和态度,为进一步针对该类人群开展宣传干预活动提供科学的参考依据。方法:整群随机抽取1100名公共场所从业人员进行自填式问卷调查,对影响AIDS防治知识知晓率的因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:被调查的人中男性占28·2%,女性占71·8%,平均年龄26·4岁,文化程度以高中或中专为主,占61·5%,婚姻状况以未婚为主,占56·2%,对AIDS传播途径、预防知识和高危人群的认知水平较高,但对AIDS非传播途径和预防知识存在错误的认识,45·8%的人认为蚊虫叮咬可以传播AIDS,45·2%和37·2%的人认为通过锻炼身体,提高营养和性生活后使用消毒液冲洗可以预防AIDS,只有51·3%的人知道男男同性恋是AIDS的高危人群,多数被调查者对AIDS持正确的信念和态度,78·8%的人认为AIDS与自己的生活有关,就如果同事或家人感染AIDS后你的态度进行调查发现,分别有73·7%和84·3%的人选择关心帮助他(她)和比以前更关心帮助他(她)。获取AIDS知识的主要渠道是书刊杂志和广播电视。结论:公共场所从业人员AIDS防治知识水平较高,但存在错误的认识,应进一步提高该人群的AIDS防治知识水平,从而减少AIDS在该人群中传播的潜在危险因素。

Objective： To know about the level of knowledge, belief and attitude towards AIDS and to provide the scientific evidence for conducting the education and intervention for servants working in public places. Methods： 1100 servants sampled by cluster- random sampling. The questionnaires were written by themsdves and collected at the field. The data were sorted and analyzed by software SPSS12.0. The factors that affecting the rate of knowledge about AIDS were confirmed by multivariate logistic regression. Results： 1005 valid questionnaire were collected. 28.8% of them were male and 71.8% were female. The average age was 26.4 yesrs old （SD, 6.8）. 61.5% of them were Senior school education. Most of them were unmarried, which accounted for 56.2%. The level of knowledge about the transmission route, preventive methods and high risk population of AIDS was high, but there were some misconception about AIDS. 45.8% of them believe that mosquito can trot HIV through biting. 45.2% and 37.2% of them believe that exercise, good nutrition or douche after sexual intercourse could prevent AIDS. Moreover, only 51.3% of them know that gay were high risk population for AIDS. Moat of them had positive belief and attitude towards AIDS. 78.8% of them believed that AIDS was related to their life. If their colleagues and family members were AIDS patients, 73.7% / 84.396 of them chose to care and help them/to be more care and give more help to them than ever. The major routes of acquiring the knowledge about AIDS were books, magazine, TV and radio. Conclusion： The level of knowledge about AIDS among servants in public places was high, but there were some misconceptions about AIDS. It is necessary to conduct health education for servants in public health to upgrade their level of knowledge about AIDS, to correct their misconception about AIDS, to reduce discrimination on AIDS. Moreover, health education about AIDS should be a part of pre- education to decrease the potential risk factors of AIDS spreading among servants.