83增抗剂防治烟草病毒病研究进展

EFFECTS AND MECHANISMS OF VIRUS-RESISTANCE INDUCER,NS-83,ON VIRUS DISEASES OF TOBACCO

1987～1989年在我国8个主产烟省23万亩烟田上应用83增抗剂,小区对比、大田示范试验证实,防治花叶病毒病效果为44.4%～54.8%;促进植株生长,单叶重增加12.18%,平均每亩增产9.14%～11.01%;提高烟碱含量,上等烟比率提高12.11%～13.12%,斤烟均价提高0.22～0.24元。防病、增产、优质的效果创造了每亩增收60.60～123.11元的经济效益。83增抗剂诱导植物抗、耐病性提高,加强了植物病毒生态体系中自然控制因素——品种抗病性的作用。以此为主,兼具控制病原病毒和传播介体的多种功能:体外钝化病毒,抑制病毒初侵染,降低植物体内病毒的扩散速度,影响蚜虫的探食行为,降低蚜传发病率。

During 1987 to 1989,the plant virus-resistance inducer,NS-83, had been applied to tobacco fields covering an area of 15 thousand hectares. According to the results obtained from field plot tests and statistics of the yield increase of large areas where NS-83 had been used,it is evident that: 1. the efficacy for controlling tobacco virus diseases reached 44.4%～54.8%;2.the promotion of plant growth,especially the increase of leaf products reached 12.8%;3.an average increase of yield per hectare was between 9.14～11.01%; the rate of best quality leaf was increased 12.11%～13.12%,so that an average increase of net income for each kg of leaf was RMB 0.44～0.48;and 4.owing to the effect of the preparation on the virus disease control as well as on the increase of yield and quality of tobacco leaves,the application of NS-83 resulted in an average increase of money income up to RMB 909～1847 per hactare. The NS-83 acted upon the tobacco plants to induce the production of virus resistance and tolerance to TMV and some other viruses in symptom expression not only by changing the physiological strafe of plant cells,but also by ceasing the advance of viruses in cells for a while and stimulating the plant growth. This preparation was active in the ecosystem of aphid borne viruses by reducing the probing rate of aphid vectors.