三峡工程大坝混凝土设计与温度控制（一）

Concrete design for Three Gorges dam and its temperature control

三峡水利枢纽混凝土工程量巨大，约为伊太普工程的２．５倍，其中大坝混凝土量达１６００万ｍ３，约占混凝土总量的６０％。大坝为混凝土重力坝，总进度要求２００２年８月浇至坝顶。因此三峡工程大坝混凝土设计和温度控制是关系大坝质量、施工速度和经济性的关键技术问题之一。文中结合三峡工程特性，首先分析大坝运用条件、结构特点和坝址自然条件，论述大坝混凝土原材料、标号分区及主要设计指标、质量控制，并建议采用的典型混凝土配合比。结合三峡水库类型的分析拟定库水温垂直分布值，重点阐述对泄洪坝段采用通仓长块与柱状块浇筑进行分析比较后的主要结论。最后提出了三峡工程大坝的主要温控防裂标准及其措施。

The concrete volume of Three Gorges Project is huge,about 2. 5 times as large as that of Itaipu project,of which 16 million m2',occupying 60% of total concrete volume,is used to construct the dam.The concrete dam is of gravity type. According to the general construction schedule,the whole concrete placement for the dam is required to complete by August, 2002. The design of concrete for the dam and its temperature control is one of critically technical problems involving the dam quality,construction progress and economy. In this paper, the operating conditions, structural features and natural damsite conditions of Three Gorges dam are first analysed;the raw materials,concrete zoning,principal design indexes and quality control are then discussed; and,the typical concrete mix proportion is proposed. Based on the concrete conditions of Three Gorges reservoir,the vertical distribution of water temperature in the reservoir is developed,and particular attention is paid to expounding the primary conclusions obtained from comparing the concreting without longitudinal joint with the column method of execution for the spillway dam section. Finally,the principal temperature control standard and corresponding measures for Three Gorges dam are proposed.