考虑接触界面材料微观结构与势能参数的滑动摩擦计算研究

Calculating Friction Force with Considering Material Microstructure and Potential on Contact Surfaces

根据独立振子模型的能量耗散机理,提出了在无磨损界面摩擦中,利用通用界面粘附能量函数计算滑动时接触界面势能的变化从而计算摩擦力和摩擦系数的方法,建立摩擦力和摩擦系数与金属材料表面能与微观结构参数的关系,并利用已有的实验数据进行计算.结果表明,摩擦力与金属材料的表面能基本呈线性关系,与比例参数呈线性负相关关系,与晶格常数基本无关.计算结果与粘附理论公式以及超高真空原子力显微镜试验结果吻合较好.

A method based on energy dissipation mechanism of independent oscillator model is used to calculate the friction force and friction coefficient of interfacial friction. The friction work is calculated with considering potential change of contact surfaces during sliding. The potential change can be gained by a universal adhesive energy function. The relationships between friction force and parameters of a tribo-system, such as surface energy and microstructure of interfacial material, are set up. The calculation results of the known experimental data reveal that the friction force is nearly proportional to the surface energy of the material, nearly inverse proportional to the scaling length, and independent of the lattice constant. The results agree with that of adhesion friction equation. They also agree with the experimental results carried out with an atomic-force microscope under the ultra high vacuum condition.