人工椎体的发展及在脊柱外科中的应用

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL VERTEBRAL BODY IN SPINAL SURGERY

目的综述人工椎体的发展、研究及适用范围,为临床应用提供参考。方法广泛查阅近年国内外相关文献,总结人工椎体的构成材料、设计类型及临床应用。结果人工椎体组成材料有陶瓷、异体骨、金属及生物工程复合材料等,但各有优缺点。常见类型可大体分为单纯支撑型、撑开固定型和可调固定型,以可调固定型较为理想。人工椎体已应用于脊柱肿瘤、结核、骨折以及感染等,并取得良好的效果。结论人工椎体可在临床上广泛应用,但在构成材料和设计类型方面还有待进一步改进。

Objective To study the development, investigation, and application of the artificial vertebral body so as to provide an essential reference for the future research and clinical application. Methods The recent articles on materials, types, and clinical applications of the artificial vertebral body were reviewed. Results The materials used for the artificial vertebral body were porcelain, alloy, variant bone, and composite. But each of them had its own advantages and disadvantages. The types of the artificial vertebral body were grouped as expandable and non-expandable ones; however, the expandable type was much better. The artificial vertebral body had been applied to the treatments of spinal tumor, tuberculosis, fracture, and infection, with better effects. Conclusion The artificial vertebral body can be extensively applied, However, the materials and types need to be improved.