新疆叶尔羌河流域土壤盐渍化特征研究

SALINIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOIL IN YEERQIANG RIVER VALLEY, XINJIANG

以新疆叶尔羌河流域为例,分析了该地区土壤盐渍化的类型、程度、特征、成因以及与地下水埋深的关系。盐渍化程度分析为该区农业发展提供了科学依据;3种土壤盐分组成剖面涵盖了新疆地区典型的土壤盐化类型,为提出针对性的解决方案提供可靠保证;剖析了土壤盐渍化成因及与地下水埋深的关系,指出控制土壤盐分的关键是合理的淋洗与排水、建立明渠排水与竖井排灌相结合的灌溉方式。为新疆及其他类似地区评价与解决土壤盐渍化问题提供了新思路。

Taking the Yeerqiang River Valley, Xinjiang as an example, types, degrees, characteristics, and causes of soil salinization were analyzed in relation to groundwater table in this district. Analysis of soil salinization degrees offered a scientific basis for agricultural development in this district; Three soil salinity composition section maps covered all the classic types of soil salinization in Xinjiang, offering reliable foundation for proposing solutions of pertinence to the problem of soil salinizaiton. Causes of soil salinization in relation with groundwater table were analyzed. On such a basis, it was pointed out that keys to controlling soil salinization is rational leaching and drainage, and build-up of an irrigation system combining open drainage ditches and the shaft irrigation wells. The study opens up new approaches to appraising and solving the problem of soil salinization in Xinjiang and other similar areas.