不同亚微观形态的聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

Study of PP/Montmorillonite Nano-meter Composite with Different Sub-microstructure

通过控制不同的工艺条件,利用双螺杆挤出插层法制备出两种不同微观结构的聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。利用透射电子显微镜观察发现,分别制备出了插层型和半插层型聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料,半插层型结构的材料中有机土分散更均匀,尺度更小。对两种纳米复合材料的物理性能测试表明,插层型纳米复合材料的缺口冲击强度提高幅度最大,同时耐热性并没有降低;半剥离型纳米复合材料的熔体质量流动速率降低幅度最大,屈服强度、弹性模量、耐热性提高幅度最大,缺口冲击强度略小于插层型。

PP/Montmorillonite nano-meter composites with two types of microstructure were obtained via meltintercalation on twin screw extruder. It was found by the observation by means of TEM that nano-meter composites with intercalation and semi-exfoliation structures were prepared. The dispersion of the layers of semi-exfoliation composite was more homogeneous and the size of the layer was smaller than those of the intercalation one. The resuits of the testing of the mechanical properties of the two types of the composite showed the notched impact strength of the intercalation one increased obviously, with little decrease of heat resistance; the decrease of the melt mass flow rate of the semi-exfoliation one was the maximum, the increases of the yield strength, elastic modulus and heat resistance of the semi-exfoliation one were the maximum, but the increase of the notched impact strength was smaller than that of the intercalation one.