论蒙古族早期创世说中的生态观

On Ecological Idea of Early Mongolian Theory of Creating the World

世界是由物质组成的还是意识或上帝的创造物,这一哲学基本问题是贯穿整个人类认识史并争论极为激烈的问题。针对这一问题蒙古先民们也进行过反思并得出截然相反的两种观点:一种观点认为世界是由物质组成的;另一种观点便是创世说,认为世界是“腾格里”(天)或“布儿罕”(佛祖)创造的产物。这种观点主要集中在早期蒙古的神话故事、英雄史诗、图腾崇拜和萨满教当中。我们应发现其中的合理成份并使其运用或服务于今天人们的社会-生态实践活动,以达到古为今用的目的。

Whether the world is composed of materials or consciousness or of the creation of God, this basic problem of philosophy runs through the whole cognitive history of mankind and has been disputed fiercefully. The ancester of Mongolians had reviewed the problem and obtained two contradictory views. One was that the world was composed of materials ; Another was the saying ＂theory of creating the world＂ , which mainly focused on Mongolian fairy tale in early day, the heroic epic, Totemism and Shamanism. So in order to achieve the goal of making the past serve the present, it is necessary to find out the rational compositions and make it serve for our sociefy ecological practice activity.