新疆放射源应用及安全管理现状

Application of radioactive source in Xinjiang and its security supervision

通过调查,介绍了新疆放射源的应用、废放射源的收贮和安全管理状况,并对放射源的危害、安全监管的重要性和提高放射源安全监管水平等问题进行了讨论。据不完全统计,截至2004年10月底,新疆申报拥有放射源的单位151家,涉及放射源1701枚;主要分布在乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市等经济发达地区;用源主要行业和部门是石油化工、地质、电力、建材、科研院所和医疗等;核素种类有25种之多,主要Cs137、Co60、Am241、Ra226等。截至2005年5月底,已收贮61个单位的614枚放射源,至少还有数百枚(含失控源),废源中Co60和Cs137最多,241AmBe中子源、Ra226、Am241也有一定数量。在国家改变放射源安全监管体制的情况下,应积极理顺安全监管体制,调动一切积极因素,采取多项有效措施,提高监管水平,努力做好安全监管工作。

The present paper aims to introduce the authors＇ investigation over the use of radioactive sources in Xinjiang, and the repossessing of some old radioactive sources as well as their safety supervision situation concerned. So far as we know, 151 companies in Xinjiang declared owning of 1 701 radioactive sources by the end of Oct. 2004. Such companies distribute over some technologically advanced regions, such as Urumchi city, Kelumay city and so on. Some industrial companies or their branches, such as petro-chemical enterprises, geological, electric engineering, construction material, scientific research institutions as well as medicare departments, involving some 25 kinds of radioactive sources. Most of them are Cs-137, Co-60, Am-241, Ra-226, etc. In addition, some 600 kinds of radioactive sources in 61 companies are storied up to May, 2005. in addition, it is urgent to make proper storing of hundreds of waste radioactive sources （whose content is actually out of control）. Such waste radioactive sources are mainly Cs-137 and Co-60, also with some Am- 241, Ra-226. In case the state changes the radioactive source security supervision regulations, it will be necessary to take active measures to improve the storing and security supervision of such sources to arouse all positive factors, take some effective measures to make it in conformity with the state regulations.