贵州黔南地区外来植物逸生及危害调查

Growth and Control of Exotic Plant in Qiannan Areas of Guizhou

对贵州黔南地区外来植物逸生成为杂草的种类及危害程度进行了调查。结果表明,外来植物逸生为杂草51 种,隶属18个科,其中有害的25种。空心莲子草、水葫芦、紫茎泽兰、胜红蓟等入侵植物给当地的生产带来极大的威胁,破坏生态系统,影响生物多样性;外来植物繁殖力、适应性、抗逆性、竞争力极强,有的本身拥有化感特性,同时又耐瘠;在本地还缺乏有力的竞争生物和天敌,是其扩散蔓延成灾的原因。并提出相应的防除对策。

Twenty five species among fifty-one weeds from exotic plants are determined to be harmful to the local ecosystem and agricultural production by investigating the types of weed from exotic plants and its extent of injury in Qiannan areas of Guizhou. Because of the exotic weeds with strong reproductive capacity, adaptability and adversity-resistance, and short of strong competitive plants and natural enemies in the local area the exotic weeds such as Aiternanthera philoxeroides, Eichhornia crassipes, Ageratina adenophorun and Ageratum conyzoides etc. greatly threaten the local agricultural production, destroy the local ecosystem, affect the local biological diversities. The suggestion to control the exotic weeds is put forward in the paper.