训练Wistar大鼠急进高原并运动力竭后血气变化与肺损伤的干预防护研究

Study of changes of blood gas and lung damage in Wister rats exposed rapidly to high altitude and after exercise exhaustion

目的:通过训练大鼠急进高原模型从血气分析与肺的损害,研究干预对训练大鼠肺组织和呼吸功能的损伤与防护。方法:在1 520 m环境设实验组(EG)使用中药抗疲Ⅰ号加入常规饲料中喂养;对照组(CG)常规饲料喂养。EG、CG各40只游泳训练4周后,各选30只3 h急进3 850 m静息1.5 h,从中各选10只作为静息对照采集标本,其余EG、CG各20只游泳至力竭后,1 h2、4 h雌雄不分采集股动脉血分析血气。结果:EG与CG相比,血气变化均有显著性差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),肺组织HE染色CG肺泡壁结构不清晰,有红细胞和液体渗出;EG肺泡结构清晰,肺泡内无渗出。结论:结果提示没有防护的训练大鼠模型CG动脉血气水平恢复较为缓慢,肺代谢功能下降,这与训练大鼠个体内环境多个环节失衡是相互联系的,需要进一步的系统研究。从肺脏组织形态情况看,CG肺组织明显差于EG且有病理损害,揭示大鼠运动能力高低的机制。因此提示过度训练、改变运动集训环境或进入高海拔地区作业训练更要特别注重加强劳动和训练防护。

Objective：To study of changes of blood gas and lung damage caused by train in Wister rats exposed rapidly to high altitude. Methods： At the altitude of 1520 m, experimental group（EG） of 40 Wister rats were fed with a mixed feed containing anti-fatigue I（a traditional Chinese complex medicine） and control group（（3G, n=40） were fed with routine feed. After hoth groups had been trained to swim for 4 weeks, 30 rats in each group were chosen and sent to 3850 m altitude within 3 h. Then they were allowed to rest for 1.5 h and 1/3 of them in each group were chosen as rest gronp （n=10）. The other rots（n=20） of both groups were forced to swim until exhaustion. Their blood samples were collected from their femoral artery 1 h and 24 h later and the blood gas was analyzed. The pathological changes of their lung tissues were observed with HE stain technique. Resuds： A significant difference of blood gas was found between two groups（P〈0. 05 to 0. 01）. The construction of alveolus in CG was unclear and effusion of erthrocytes and fluid was observed. However, the construction of alveolus in EG was dear and no effusion was fourd. Conclusion： Anti-fatigue Ⅰ is of protective efficacy for lung function of rats exposed to high altitude and exercise exhaustion.