自身抗体在肝病患者诊断中的意义

Significance of Auto-antibody in Diagnosis of Liver Disease

目的探讨肝病患者血清中是否出现自身抗体及该抗体与疾病的关系.方法收集肝病患者血清,以HEP-2细胞、鼠肝和猴肝组织切片和可溶性肝抗原为抗原基质,用间接免疫荧光法、蛋白质印迹法检测肝病患者血清中的自身抗体.结果①间接免疫荧光法检测自身抗体显示：慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌三组阳性率分别为22.3%（29/130）,30.9%（30/97）,34.1%（14/41）,它们之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）,但三组阳性率与急性肝炎（7.0%）、正常对照组（1.5%）比较有显著性差异（P＜0.01）.②蛋白质印迹法检测肝特异性自身抗体靶抗原时发现慢性肝炎、肝硬化患者约66.0%,的抗原相对分子质量多集中在47kD及52kD上,两组抗原条带分布相似,有30.0%的肝硬化、肝癌患者在20kD及32kD分子质量之间的阳性条带上、下处多出现1～2条无对应条带.结论慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌患者血清中自身抗体的阳性率明显高于急性肝炎和正常对照组.患者血清中存在抗肝组织自身抗体,其相对应的靶抗原有多种,如能进一步鉴定靶抗原有望成为诊断肝脏疾病的免疫学标志物.

ObJeetive To study the change of auto-antibody and the relationship between the change and the course of liver disease. Methods Auto-antibodies in serum of patients with liver disease were identified by indirect immune fluorescence （IIF） and western blot （WB） ,for which the applied antigens were HEP-2 cells, rat liver tissue and monkey liver tissue. Results No significant difference was noted for ANA in three types of diseases ,chronic hepatitis 22.3 % （29/130） ,hepatoeirrhosis 30. 9% （30/97） and liver cancer 34.10% （14/41）,but there were notable differences between them and acute hepatitis （7.0%） and normal people （1.5%） respectively. Bands were similar in chronic hepatitis and hrpatocirrhosis when extracted nuclear antigens were tested by W＇B. the main molecular bands at 47 kD and 52 kD. There were 1 - 2 different bands at 20 -32 kD between hepatoeirrhosis and liver cancer in 30. 0% patients. Conclusion Auto-antlbody in patients with chronic hepatitis ,hepatocirrhosis and liver cancer was significantly higher than those in patients with chronic hepatitis and in normal persons. Auto-antibody is related to the progress of liver diseases and may be immunological marker for the diagnosis of them.