小麦资源胚乳蛋白Glu-1、Glu-3、Gli-1基因位点变异特点

Characterization of Glu-1,Glu-3 and Gli-1 Alleleic Variation of Storage Protein in 141 Hexaploid Wheat Cultivars in China

141个普通小麦品种及农家种中,由Glu-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基共27种图谱,最常见的图谱是(N,7+8,2+12)占22%和(N,7+9,2+12)占19.9%,Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1位点控制的均为正效应亚基,其图谱(1,7+8,5+10),(1,14+15,5+10),(1,13+16,5+10),(1,17+18,5+10),(2*,7+8,5+10),(2*,13+16,5+10)占13.4%;由Glu-3位点控制的低分子量谷蛋白亚基共48种以上的图谱,最常见的图谱是(a,j,c),Glu-A3位点存在6个以上等位基因,新发现的占5.7%,Glu-B3位点存在10个以上等位基因,新发现的占2.8%,Glu-D3位点存在3个等位基因;由Gli-1位点控制的醇溶蛋白共81种以上图谱,Gli1-A1位点存在7个以上等位基因,新发现的占7.1%,Gli-B1位点存在12个以上等位基因,新发现的等位基因占3.5%,Gli-D1位点存在10个等位基因,Gli-B1位点的l为1B/1R易位系,占总数的33.6%;由Gli-1位点控制的醇溶蛋白和由Glu-3位点控制的低分子量谷蛋白亚基基因变异远比由Glu-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基复杂和丰富。

The banding patterns of HMWgs, LMWgs and HMW gliadins of 141 common wheat cultivars （lines） were analyzed using two-step SDS-PAGE and a modified A-PAGE, respectively checked out according to the 20 standard cultivars＇ patterns. 27 HWMgs band patterns were encoded by Glu-1 locus, all positive effect subunits such as （ 1,7 ＋ 8, 5＋10）,（1,14＋15,5＋10）,（1,13＋16,5＋10）,（1,17＋18,5＋10）,（2^＊ ,7＋8,5＋10）,（2^＊ ,13＋16,5＋10） were about 13.4% in the 141 cultivars （lines） which were encoded by Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1. Over 48 LMWgs band patterns were encoded by Glu-3 locus, the pattern with the highest frequency was （a,j, c）, more than 6 alleles were at Glu- A locus and 5.7 % of them were newly discovered, above 10 alleles were at Glu-B1 locus and 2.8 % of them were newly discovered,3 alleles were at Glu-D1 locus; 81 HMW gliadin band patterns were encoded by Gli-1 locus, more than 7 alleles were at Gli-A1 locus,and 7.1% of them were newly discovered, more than 12 alleles were at Gli-B1 locus,and 3.5% of them were newly discovered, 10 alleles were at Gli-D1 locus; 33.6% alleles encoded by Gli-B1 were 1B/1R translocation lines. So HMW gliadin alleleic variation encoded by Gli-1 and LMWgs alleleic variation encoded by Gtu-3 are much more complex and abundant than HMWgs alleleic variation, these results also showed that LMWgs, gliadins and these similar to HMWgs are seldom located on chromosome 1A. Moreover, the A-PAGE patterns or SDS-PAGE patterns are possibly different even if their HMWgs, LMWgs and HMW gliadin compositions are the same, in other words, their LMW gliadins compositions may be different.