中国环境史研究刍议

On the Study of China's Environmental History

著名的历史学者伍斯特、伊懋可与多佛斯都为环境史下过各自的定义。自20世纪70年代以来,环境史逐渐成为一个学术研究领域,中国环境史可以从以下十个主题开展研究:人口与环境,土地利用与环境变迁,水环境的变化,气候变化及其影响,工业发展与环境变迁,疾病与环境,性别、族群与环境,利用资源的态度与决策,人类聚落与建筑环境,以及地理信息系统之运用。

This short paper consists of four sections. The first section introduces definitions of the environmental history given by some eminent historians, Donald Worster, Mark Elvin and Stephen Dovers. In the second section, examples are given to illustrate the origins of the environmental history in the West and the development of this field of study since the 1970s. The third section provides some examples related to the study on China＇ s environmental history. In the last section, the author proposes ten themes for further study on China＇ s environmental history： population and environment, land utilization and environment, changes of water environment, climate change and its impact, industrial development and the environmental changes, diseases and environment, gender and ethnic groups and environment, attitude and decision making related resources utilization, human settlements and built environment, as well as the use of geographic information system in the study of the environmental history.