KLKs和HK与恶性肿瘤

Relationship between KLKs,HK and malignant tumor

人组织激肽释放酶(HK)是一种分泌型丝氨酸水解酶,家族成员有15个,由激肽释放酶基因(KLKs)所编码,15个基因均位于染色体19q13.3-13.4,相继排列。其家族成员在基因的碱基顺序、蛋白质的一级结构和三级结构方面都具有惊人的相似性。HK多表达于激素依赖组织,并通过串联式酶解反应,分解生长因子、激素,刺激细胞生长,抑制血管形成,降解细胞外基质,干扰细胞增殖和细胞凋亡,参与恶性肿瘤的发生、发展,促进或抑制肿瘤的形成和生长、侵袭及转移。KLKs基因具有明显的组织特异性,有望成为内分泌肿瘤筛查的生物瘤标。

It is know clear that the human tissue kallikreins（HKs） are serine proteases, which contain 15 members,encoded by kallikrein gene family（KLKs）. The human kallikrein gene family members are tandemly localized on chromosome 19q13.4 and have significant similarities at both the gene and protein level. Recent data suggest that HK usually exist at hormone-depending tissue, play biological effects from their enzymatic action, and are connected with malignancy. Kallikrein genes have notable specificity, and may have applicability as biomarkers in endocrine cancer.