长江口底栖生物修复的初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Restoration of Benthos in the Changjiang Estuary

2004年3月在新建的长江口南导堤通过投放以巨牡蛎为主的底栖动物,开展底栖生物修复试验。底栖动物的投放距离为6000m,平均投放生物量为43.15g·m-2,平均投放密度为10.70个·m-2。试验结果表明:经过15个月,已初步形成以附着型贝类为主的底栖动物群落,试验区底栖动物种类共有21种,比本底值增加19种;总生物量和总密度分别为26489.43g·m-2和3399.11个·m-2,分别比本底值增加40.31倍和7.50倍;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为0.98,比本底值提高了0.74。其中巨牡蛎生物量和栖息密度增加明显,巨牡蛎的生物量和栖息密度分别为19328.84g·m-2和918.67个·m-2,分别是所投放巨牡蛎生物量和栖息密度的483.39倍和140.47倍。

A restoration experiment of benthos was conduced on the new established southern guided dyke located the Changjiang River estuary in March of 2004, in witch benthos （main Crassostrea Sp.） were put on the inter-tide zone of the dyke with 6 000 m long, mean biomass being 43.15 g·m^-2 and mean density being 10.70 ind·m^-2. The result shows that the benthos community with main adhesive mollusc has been preliminarily formed after 15 months. In the experiment zone, the benthos reaches 21 species and increases 19 species, the biomass and density are 26 489.43 g·m^-2 and 3 399.11 ind·m^-2 and increase 40.31 times and 7.50 times respectively, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index is 0.98 and raises 0.74 comparing with the background. Among them, the biomass and density of Crassostrea sp. Increase obviously, the biomass is 19 328.84 g·m^-2 and 483.39 times of putting biomass, the density is 918.67 ind·m^-2 and 140.47 times of putting density.