石油开发对辽河三角洲地区苇田生态系统的影响

Effects of Petroleum Exploitation on Ecological Environment of Reed Fields in Liaohe River Delta

通过现场样品采集与分析,对盘锦苇田环境内芦苇的叶龄指数、生长量、纤维素、木质素、戊糖及纤维素长等进行了研究,以土壤-水-植物系统为研究对象,定量和半定量地分析了苇田地区的污染状况,说明影响芦苇产量的原因。结果表明,石油污染对苇田造成了一定程度的危害,但不是芦苇产量降低的主要因素。石油开发的各种地面工程造成了严重的景观破碎化现象,破坏了湿地的原有生境,是造成湿地生态系统退化和苇田减产的主要因素。

During the process of the production and exploitation of petroleum in Liaohe River delta, a large amount of petroleum and other organic contaminants had been discharged into the environment continuously. Oily contaminants result in not only the wasting of petroleum resouree seriously, but also the pollution of ecological environment of the reed fields. Index of leaves age, growth yields, cellulose, lignin, pentose and the ratio of cellulose＇ s length of reed in 3 experimental field in Panjin 7th jail region, where large quantities of petroleum waste water was discharge to the wetland, were analyzed or measured. Results showed that petroleum pollution wasn＇t the main factor inducing the lower yields, although it has some hazardous effect on the reed yields. Whether or not the main reason which causes the reed production decrease is landscape fragmentation caused by petroleum exploitation, it needs further studying and discussing.