松嫩平原草甸生境甘草种群生殖构件表型可塑性及变化规律

Phenotype plasticity and regulations of reproductive modules on Glycyrrhiza uralensis population in meadow habitat in Songnen Plain,China

采用大样本取样，对松嫩平原羊草草甸甘草种群生殖构件进行了表型可塑性分析。结果表明．在籽实完熟期，甘草种群单个生殖分株的生物量为23．99±12．99g；豆荚生物量和豆荚数分别为13．55±10．03g和67．10±48．83个1种子生物量和种子数分别为3．55±2．61g和265．00±194．50粒；生殖分配Ⅰ和生殖分配Ⅱ分别为51．19％±13．21％和13．44％±3．65％。各生殖构件表型观测数据最大值比最小值高2．1～21．1倍。豆荚和种子形成均需要分株积累6．2g以上的生物量。豆荚生物量、豆荚数、种子生物量、种子数分别与分株总生物量星极显著（P〈0．01）的线性正相关关系；豆荚数、种子数、生殖分配Ⅰ、生殖分配Ⅱ分别与叶生物量分配和豆秸生物量分配星极显著（P〈0．01）的幂函数负相关关系。甘草种群生殖分株同时具有同速和异速2种不同增减过程的表型可塑性调节。

By large sampling analysis, the phenotype plasticity of reproductive modules of G. uralensis population in the Leymus chinensis meadow of the Songnen Plain was studied. The results showed that the biomass of each reproductive ramet of G. uralensis population in the Songnen Plain was 23.99±12.99 g; the biomass and number of pods were respectively 13.55±10.03 g and 67.10±48.83; the biomass and number of seeds were respectively 3.55±2.61 g and 265.00±194. 50; reproductive allocation Ⅰ （RA Ⅰ ）and RA Ⅱ were respectively 51.19%±13.21% and 13.44%±3.65% at the seed ripening stage. The maximum in the observed phenotype data of each reproductive module were 2.1-21.1 times more than the minimum. It is necessary to accumulate total biomass of ramet, which was more than 6.2 g for producing pods and seeds. There were most significant positive correlations between the biomass and number of pods and seeds and the total biomass of ramets, respectively （P〈0.01）, which could be described by linear equations. There were most significant negative correlations between the number of pods and seeds, RA Ⅰ and RAⅡ and the allocations of leaf and halm biomass, respectively （P〈0.01） ,which could be described by power function. There were two different regulations of phenotype plasticity in reproductive ramets of G. uralensis population at the same time, which were processes of increase/decrease for the isogony and allometry.