安徽省丝虫病流行及防治

PREVALENCE AND CONTROL OF FILARIASIS IN ANHUI PROVINCE

安徽原是全国丝虫病流行严重省份之一。据５０年代末期调查全省平均微丝蚴率为１２．０％，估计全省约有微丝蚴血症者３６０余万人，全省８２个县、市均有不同程度的丝虫病流行，其中单纯马来丝虫１８个县、市，单纯班氏丝虫３１个县、市，混合流行区３３个县、市。班氏丝虫病主要传播媒介为淡色库蚊、致倦库蚊和嗜人按蚊，马来丝虫病主要传播媒介为中华按蚊和嗜人按蚊。经４０年的积极防治，尤其是１９８７年以来，在单纯抽查的基础上，根据不同的流行程度采用不同剂量疗程的海群生药盐的防治措施，加快了基本消灭丝虫病的进程，于１９９４年卫生部组织考核组抽查复核黄山市黄山区和濉溪县，微丝蚴率分别为０和０．４５％，达到了基本消灭丝虫病的标准。

Anhui Province used to be one of heavy filariasis-endemic areas in China.According to investigation of late 1950's,the average microfilaria rate(MFR) was 12.0% in the province.There were 3.6 million microfilaremia cases calculated.All of the 82 counties or cities in Anhui had different filariasis prevalent levels,of which 18 counties or cities were only endemic with B. malayi,31 counties or cities were only endemic with W.bancrofti areas,33 counties or cities were mixed endemic areas. The major vectors bancroftian of filariasis were Cx. pipiens pallens, Cx. quinquefasciatus and A.anthropophagus.The major vectors of malayian filariasis were An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus. As a result of active implementation of filariasis control measures for more than 40 years,especially since 1987,on the basis of single selective examination,the scheme, i.e.different doses of DEC-medicated salt and different treatment courses were used in different MFR areas. Rationed DEC-medicated salt was sent door to door taking township as a unit,which has improved the quality of filariasis control,accelerated the course of basic elimination of filariasis. The MFR were 0 and 0.45% respectively in Huangshan district in Huangshan City and Suixi County. The province had reached the criteria of basical elimination of filariasis ascertained by a re-examination group organized by the Ministry of Public Health in 1994.