疟疾病人血样中特异性乳酸脱氢酶检测的研究

STUDIES ON THE DETECTION OF SPECIFIC LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE IN BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH MALARIA

应用直接电泳法和多克隆抗体捕捉法检测恶性疟和间日疟病人血样各４０份，正常对照血样２０份中恶性疟原虫特异性乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ－ｐ）。结果表明，两种方法检测恶性疟病人血样的阳性率分别为９０％和９５％；而间日疟和正常人血样中皆未检出ＬＤＨ－ｐ的活性。结果还表明，蛋白酶抑制剂可有效地保护ＬＤＨ－ｐ，而反复冻融则可使ＬＤＨ－ｐ受到破坏，检出率降低。应用直接电泳法和多克隆抗体捕捉法，在蛋白酶抑制剂存在的条件下，检测新鲜血样中ＬＤＨ－ｐ是诊断恶性疟的理想方法。

Direct electrophoresis and polyclonal antibody capture methods were employed to detect specific lactate dehydrogenase of plasmodium falciparum(LDH-p) in blood samples of 40 p.falciparum and 40 P.vivax patients with 20 from normal blood donors as control. Factors which might affect the results were investigated at the same time.Results showed that the positive rate of P.falciparum patients with the two methods were 90.0% and 95.0% respectively with the highest positive dilution at 1:12800.No LDH-p was detected in the samples of P.vivax patients and normal control. It was also demonstrated that proteinase inhibitors could effectively protect LDH-p and so elevates the positive rate,and that repeated freeze-thaws could destroy part of LDH-p,which lowered the positive rate. This result indicated that,in the presence of proteinase inhibitors,both direct electrophoresis and polyclonal antibody capture method can be ideally used to diagnose falciparum malaria by detecting LDH-p in fresh blood samples.