2万t组合列车纵向力计算研究

Study on Numerical Auclysis of Longitudinal Forces of the T20,000 Heavy Haul

从列车纵向动力学原理入手,建立了列车纵向动力学模型。通过描述悬挂系统中悬挂力的数学方程模拟了钢摩擦缓冲器实际的干摩擦阻尼迟滞特性,通过大量缓冲器的冲击试验结果拟合出缓冲器的动态特性曲线的上边线,从而建立了钢摩擦缓冲器数值模型。由于列车纵向动力学方程是非常复杂的非线性方程,为了求解这种强非线性振动系统的响应,提出了基于Newmark-β的高精度平衡迭代算法,并进行了数值算例分析。根据Lo-cotrol同步控制装置的原理,建立了Locotrol同步控制的数学模型。完成了2万t重载组合列车纵向力计算的试验验证;分析了主控机车与从控机车的同步响应时间和制动初速对重载组合列车纵向力的影响。这些研究为重载组合列车纵向动力学的研究提供了基础。

The longitudinal dynamics model of heavy haul trains is presented. The dry friction damping hystereric characteristic of steel friction draft gears is simulated by the equation which describes the suspension forces in the suspension system. The dynamic characteristic curve of the draft gears is buiet up by the curve-fitted method, which is based on results of a large number of impact tests. Consequently, the numerical model of the draft gears is brought forware. The equation of train longitudinal dynamics is strongly nonlinear. In order to solve the response of the strongly nonlinear system, the high precision and equilibrium iteration method based on the Newmark-β method is presented and numerical analysis is made. According to the principle of the Locotrol synchronizing control equipment, the mathematical locotrol synchfonizing control model is established. Longitudinal dynamic forces of the T20,000 heavy haul train are tested and verified; the influence of the synchronizing response time between the master control locomotive and slave control locomotive and their initial braking velocities on the longitudinal forces of the heavy haul trains are analyzed. The research results provide theoretical basis for study of the optimization operation technique for heavy haul trains.