干旱地区沙漠治理功能性材料的研究

Study on the Functional Material for Controlling Desert in the Arid Areas

研究了一种新型的治沙功能性材料.以纤维素类衍生物为主要原料,采用微波活化与IPN技术相结合的方法,制成一种具有互穿网络结构的治沙材料.它能够较好固定流沙、吸收雨水和凝结水并将其保存,供植物生长所需;易降解,且降解产物对环境无影响.经实验室测试及小区域野外试验证明,使用该材料后,保水率增加420倍以上,蒸发量减少54.9%,抗风蚀效率为87%,吸放水次数达120次以上,植物存活率在96%以上.该材料在干旱沙漠地区应用可有效改善生态环境,具有很好的社会、经济与环境效益.

A new type of functional material for sand-control was developed. With cellulose derivative as main raw materials, a polymer material with IPN structure was synthesized by combining the microwave activation with IPN technology. The new product exhibits some distinctive traits, such as： tackling quicksand, absorbing and holding rainwater,preserving water for the growth of plants, and easily decomposed. Bedsides, the degradation component has no side effect on the environment. Laboratory tests and small-scaled field tests prove that the water-preserving rate was increased to 420 times,the evaporation capacity was reduced by 54.9% ,the resistance to wind erosion efficiency was up to 87% ,the suction-release was over 120 times and the survival rate of the plant was above 96%. The new product will have a good social, economic and environmental benefit, and its application can obviously improve the ecological environment in the desert areas.