木尘与癌症的回顾性队列研究

A Retrospective Cohort Study Between Wood Dust and Cancer

为了探讨木尘与癌症的关系，我们对某木综厂进行了回顾性队列研究，木尘组为该厂接触木尘者２３６２（男１７０７，女６５５）人，３３６７９人年，观察期１５年（１９７８．１．１．～１９９２．１２．３１．），非木尘组为本地某煤矿职工２５８７人，５４０４０人年，观察期２１年（１９７２．１．１．～１９９２．１２．３１．），并与当地居民的死亡率进行了比较。队列中全部癌症病人均为Ｉ～Ⅱ级诊断，木尘接触工人前３位的癌症分别是肺癌（３５．１％）、肝癌（１８．２％）和食道癌（１５．６％）。与非木尘组比较，木尘接触职工全癌、肺癌、肠癌、食道癌的标化死亡率分别为２４２．５２、７４．６２、４３．７８和４２．８２／１０万，ＲＲ分别为１．９８、４．０８、３．２３和２．８８，均有高度显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。全癌、肺癌、肠癌和白血病的ＳＭＲ分别为１５４．８、２１８．６、２８４．８和３５２．７（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示木尘可能与肺癌、肠癌、食道癌、肝癌和白血病有一定关系。

A retrospective cohort study was conducted from Jan.1.1978 through Dec.31.1992 for exploring the relationship between wood dust exposure and cancer.2362 woodworkers(33679 person-years)employed by the wood processing factory in Chengdu,China,before 1977 as exposure group.2587coal workers(54040 person-years)employed by a native coal mine in the same area before 1971 as control group.The first three most common cancers for woodworkers were lung cancer(35.1%),liver cancer(18.2%)and esophagus cancer(15.6%).Comparing with control group,there were obviously elevated stardardized mortality rates,such as 242.52/105(RR1.98,P<0,01)for all cancers(ICD9,44～208),74.62/105(RR4.08,P<0.01) for lung cancer(ICD 9,162),43.78/105(RR3.32,P<0.01)for intestine cancer(ICD 9,152～154)and 42.82/105(RR2.88 ,P<0. 01) for esophagus cancer(ICD 9,150).Comparing with the mortality rates in local residents the stardardized mortality ratios(SMR)respectively were 154.8/105(P<0. 05)for all cancer,218.6/105(P<0. 01)for lung cancer,284.8/105(P<0.05)for intestine cancer and 352.7/105(P<0.05)for leukemia.The stardardized mortality rates and SMR didn’t show significant increases for other cancers.