木材初期腐朽研究综述

Review of Literature on Incipient Decay in Wood

木材容易受到各种微生物的侵袭,真菌腐朽是导致木材破坏最严重的一种方式,即使是在木材质量损失率很小的腐朽初期,真菌也可以迅速引起木材结构的破坏,导致木材强度的急剧降低。生物培养和显微镜观察被认为是目前唯一权威的用来检测和评估木材初期腐朽的方法,但这些方法很难对木材的初期腐朽进行快速、准确地评估。因此,寻找一种迅速、准确地检测和评估木材初期腐朽的方法倍受人们的关注。有关初期腐朽及其检测与评估的研究在国外已有大量报道,而在我国却极为少见。本文综述了近几十年国内外有关木材初期腐朽及其检测与评估的研究,旨在增强人们对木材初期腐朽危害的认识,并呼吁有关部门重视相关研究在我国的发展。

Previous studies have shown that wood is easily subject to biodegradation by a variety of microorganisms, and decay fungi often cause the greatest damage. Fungi can cause dramatic decreases in strength properties during incipient decay in wood, because they can rapidly cause structural failure, even though the weight loss is minimal. Therefore, early detection of wood incipient decay is critical. Culturing and microscopy are currently considered the only definitive methods to detect and assess incipient decay, however, they are time consuming, and less accurate especially for detection of decay at very early stage. Therefore a satisfactory method for detecting the presence of decay during the incipient stage is very necessary. There were a lot of studies on incipient decay in wood and its detection in many countries, a few studies however was investigated in China. Available literature on the effects of incipient decay in wood on strength properties and the methods for detection of incipient decay were reviewed in this paper, for emphasizing the importance of the studies on incipient decay in wood.