略论阿多诺对法西斯主义社会心理的分析

On Adorno's Analysis of the Social Psychology of Fascism

阿多诺在分析法西斯主义产生的心理基础时,充分肯定了弗洛伊德运用自居、自爱欲以及催眠理论对法西斯主义社会心理基础的分析,认为这一基础是在法西斯主义“升华”的情景下形成的。在他看来社会历史的发展不能仅用心理学来分析,更需要科学的理论来探讨,但社会心理的力量是不能忽视的,尤其在社会政治势力运用“高明”的手法以及制度化的力量的状态下,更是如此。

Adorno identified Freud's analysis of the social psychological basis of fascism with that of his own.In his opinion,psychological analysis alone can not explain the development of social history while scientific theory is needed to probe into it.Adorno's analysis has given us the following enlightenment: When psycho-energy goes to the negative side,it would become strong destructive force,while directed toward science,it would become immense promoting force in history.So,how to solve scientifically social psychological problems plays an important role in maintaining social stability and constructing a harmonious society.