论批判性思维与逻辑教学改革

On Critical Thinking and Logic Education Reform

在实际逻辑教学中,普通逻辑课程过分强调形式化,难以引起学生的兴趣。然而,逻辑在思维训练中确实有着深远的意义,这是不可否认的。所以一个可行的办法就是引进批判性思维课程,并把它与普通逻辑课程相结合。为了达到这一目标,先后提出两个改革方案。前者是局部性的,它仅仅增加了非形式逻辑知识,并扩展为逻辑与论辩课程。后者是前者的改进,它注重整体性、多元性和实用性。一般来说,它包括了逻辑分析、形式和非形式方法训练、认知与方法论的训练和批判性思维训练,从而比较系统地解决了普通逻辑应担负的理性思维方法的训练课题。

General logic courses in practical education fail to arouse students＇ interest because it overemphasizes forrealization. As logic plays a prominent role in intellectual development and cannot be ignored, it is feasible to intreduce critical thinking courses combined with logic courses thmngh two reforms. The first, minor reform merely adds informal logic knowledge and creates a new course named Logic and Argument. The second, major reform attaches more importance to integration, diversity, and practicality and generally includes logic analysis, training in formal and informal methods, training in cognition and methodology, and training in critical thinking.