AIDS相关卡波西氏肉瘤的发生与流行

The Prevalence of AIDS.associated Kaposi Sarcoma

卡波西氏肉瘤（Kaposi Sarcoma，KS）是艾滋病（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome，AIDS）病人最为常见的恶性肿瘤性疾病之一。尽管最近几年随着高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的普及与应用KS的发病率明显下降，KS仍然是全球范围内困扰AIDS病人的常见疾病。研究发现，KS的发生是HIV、免疫系统抑制和人疱疹病毒8（HHV-8）相互作用的结果。HHV8的传播尚是一个未知的领域，西方人群中最危险的行为被视为男性之间的同性性行为，而来自非洲、法国、圭亚那地区和意大利的资料显示HHV8的感染可能源于生命早期的母婴传播以及家庭内的水平传播。目前，我国尚未开展全面的AIDS相关KS的流行病学调查，已报道的KS病例主要集中在新疆，表现出明显的地区性。

Kaposi Sarcoma is the most common neoplasm of AIDS patients. By the end of this decade, the number of new KS cases began to decline, perhaps due to the introduction of HAART. Research indicated that the occurrence of KS is induced by the interaction between HIV, HHV-8 and the immunity inhibition. Now it is not known how HHV-8 is passed between individuals, however, among AIDS patients, KS disproportionately affected men who have sex with men （MSM）, and some investigations concluded that the main routes of HHV-8 transmission in non-homosexual populations are from mother to child and between siblings. The identification of the route of transmission for HHV-8 is an important area for futureresearch. By now, there is no general AIDS-associated KS epidemic investigation in China. The number of KS cases in mainland is very limited; most of the reported cases were occurred in Xinjiang Province.