数控车削多面体的原理研究

Theoretic study on NC lathes of machining the polygon prism

为了实现在车床上加工多面体的目的,在车床上增加一个旋转轴,让车刀作旋转运动,适当调整刀具和工件的转速比、中心距及刀具长度等参数,可以在回转的工件上车出横截面为正多边形的多面体;在分析工件上刀尖轨迹的影响因素的基础上,导出了车削多面体的条件;以车削正四棱柱为例,进行了误差分析,得到了刀具长度与工件尺寸和容许误差间的关系。

A new type of NC lathe, in which the lathe tool is rotating while the work is turning, is probed that can machine the polygon prism of which the transverse section is regular polygon. The parameters of the polygon prism are controlled by the angular velocity ratio of the work to the tool, the distance between the centers of the work and the tool,and the length of the lathe tool. Based on the analysis of influencing parameters of the trajectory of the lathe tool, the condition for machining the polygon prism is deduced~ Then by taking the regular square prism as an example, the machining error is analyzed, and the relationship among the length of the lathe tool, the work dimension and the tolerance is obtained.