溶剂分级萃取法研究平朔煤的化学组成特征

STUDY ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENT CHARACTERISTIC OF FRACTIONATED EXTRACTION FROM PINGSHUO COAL

采用7种不同有机溶剂对平朔煤进行分级萃取，并利用GC／MS测定分析各级萃取物的化合物成分，对其化学组成及结构特征进行了对比研究．结果表明，利用不同溶剂分级萃取的方法可以较有效地对煤中有机化合物族组分起到粗分离的作用．CS2萃取物的主要成分是2环～4环烷基取代芳烃；正已烷萃取物几乎均为长链烷烃；在甲醇萃取物中检测出形式多样的含氧和含氮化合物；在丙酮萃取物中检测出长链烷基环已烷系列；芳烃在苯萃取物中多为2环，而在丙酮萃取物和THF萃取物中则是4环～7环缩合程度较高的芳烃；另外，在煤中首次发现邻二氟苯和氯胺酮．

Pingshuo coal was extracted with CS2, n-hexane,benzene, methanol,acetone, tetrahydrofuran （THF） and THF/methanol （1 ： 3, v/v） mixed solvent sequentially. The extracts were analyzed with GC/MS. It is presented that group seperation of soluble organic compounds in the coal can be achieved by fractionated extraction using different solvents. Main components in CS2 soluble fraction from Pingshuo coal are alkyl-substituted arenes. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are overwhelmingly predominant in n-hexane-soluble fraction. A great variety of oxygen containing and nitrogen-containing compounds are dominant in the components of methanol-soluble fraction. A series of cyclohexanes with long chain alkyl-substitutes are detected in acetone-soluble fraction. Dicyclic aramatic hydrocarbons are identified in benzene-soluble fraction and 4-7 cyclic condensed aramatic hydrocarbons are identified in acetone-soluble fraction and THF soluble fraction. The molecular structures detection of 1,2-dichlorobenzene and ketamine firstly provide information for existence form of chlorine in coal.