产后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防及护理

Prevention and Nursing Care of Postpartum Deep Vein Thrombosis of Lower Extremities

目的探讨产后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防和护理措施。方法选择2003年7月～2005年10月共21例产后下肢深静脉血栓形成患者，针对发病因素给予抗凝、溶栓治疗及有效预防护理措施。结果本组患者经治疗护理，临床症状体征完全缓解，随访1～5个月，无复发及严重并发症发生。结论促进静脉血液回流、避免静脉内膜损伤和血液高凝状态是防止血栓形成的关键。对已形成静脉血栓者，应抬高患肢，监测凝血指标、观察出血倾向。在置管溶栓期间做好导管护理。并采取措施预防肺栓塞。

Objective To investigate the prevention and nursing care of postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremi ties. Methods Clinical data of 21 patients with postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities were colected to summarize the factors which induced postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities and nursing care experience. Results The symptoms and signs relieved completely after treatment and nursing care, no recurrence and serious complications occurred. Conclusion Accelerating the venous refluenee, preventing the endothelium injury and blood hypercoagulability are keys of preventing thrombosis. While for patients with deep vein thrombosis, raising the diseased limbs, monitoring PT, KPTT and regarding the increased risk of bleeding, strengthening the catheterization nursing, taking actions to prevent pul monary embolism are important nursing care measures.