说可能补语前不能加修饰语

On Immodifiability of Potential Complements

本文从共时和历时两个平面对可能补语前不能加修饰语这一语法现象作出解释:(1)历时方面,可能补语与结果补语两种结构的来源不同,结果补语来源于形容词或形容词词组、表某种情状的句子形式或谓语形式以及带“了”的形容词,而可能补语则来源于使成式中间加“得”;(2)共时方面,我们主要从能否带宾语、语流重音与主要信息、疑问焦点与答句、“了2”(情状改变标记)指向的范围四个角度论证“行动动词+得/不+可能补语”是一个词,“得”和“不”是中缀,因而可能补语前是不能加修饰语的。

The thesis is dedicated to a detailed explanation of the grammatical phenomenon that modifiers cant＇t be put before potential complements from the synchronic and diachronic points of view respectively. First, from the diachronic perspective, the origins of potential complements and consequential complements differ greatly. Potential complements originates from ＂de＂ which is between ＂shieheng＂ construction, while the latter is frequently represented by adjectives, adjective phrases, sentences or predicates expressing certain states, as well as adjectives with ＂le＂ as the end. Then, from the synchronic perspectives, the paper illustrates that the formula ＂motion verb＋＇de/bu＇ ＋potential complements＂ only respresents one word, in which ＂de＂ and ＂bu＂ acts as inffix. To confirm the presupposition, the paper analyses from four respectes：whether an object can be put after, interrogative foci and reply, sentence stress and central information, the directing range of ＂le＂.