1Jaemal A,Thomas A,Murray T,et al.Cancer statistic 2002.CA Cancer J Clin,2002,52:23-47.
2Jemal A,Tiwari RC,Murray T,et al.Cancer Statistics 2004.CA Cancer J Clin,2004,54:8-29.
3Bohle A,Jocham D,Bock PR.Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin versus mitomycin C for superficial bladder cancer:a formal meta-analysis of comparative studies on recurrence and toxicity.J Urol,2003,169:90-95.
4O' Donnell MA,Krohn J,DeWolf WC.Salvage intravesical therapy with interferon-alpha 2b plus low dose bacillus Calmette-Guerin is effective in patients with superficial bladder cancer in whom bacillus Calmette-Guerin alone previously failed.J Urol,2001,166:1300-1304.
5Arnold J,De Boer EC,O' Donnell MA,et al.Immunotherapy of experimental bladder cancer with recombinant BCG expressing interferon-gamma.J Immunother,2004,27:116-123.
6Lee CF,Chang SY,Hsieh DS,et al.Treatment of bladder carcinomas using recombinant BCG DNA vaccines and electroporative gene immunotherapy.Cancer Gene Ther,2004,11:194-207.
7O' Donnell MA,Luo Y,Hunter SE,et al.Interleukin-12 immunotherapy of murine transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder:dose dependent tumor eradication and generation of protective immunity.J Uro1,2004,171:1330-1335.
8Lee C,Chang S,Hsieh D,et al.Immunotherapy for bladder cancer using recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin DNA vaccines and interleukin-12 DNA vaccine.J Urol,2004,171:1343-1347.
9Dalbagni G,Mazumdar M,Russo P,et al.Phase Ⅱ trial of intravesical gemcitabine in BCG-refractory transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.J Urol,2004,171 (4S):72-A274.
10Leakakos T,Cheng J,Lawson G,et al.Intravesical administration of doxorubicin to swine bladder using magnetically targeted carriers.Cancer Chemother Pharmacol,2003,51:445-450.