四川大学医学生膳食营养状况调查

A Dietary Survey Among Medical Students In Sichuan University

目的了解高校医学生的膳食营养状况,为提高大学生的营养水平提供依据。方法编制半定量食物频率问卷,检验其信度和效度,并以此为调查工具,对330名医学生进行膳食调查。结果医学生的食物构成以粮谷类、蔬菜水果类、肉类为主,但能量来源比例不合理,脂肪供能过高,碳水化合物供能过低;钙摄入不足,优质蛋白质、动物源性铁与维生素A摄入不足。结论应教育学生合理改进膳食结构,增加优质蛋白质、碳水化合物、钙、动物源性铁、维生素A摄入量,以提高营养水平。

Objective To understand the dietary nutrition status, and to provide evidence for college students＇ nutrition improvement. Methods 330 medical students were investigated through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire which reliability and validity were tested. Results The students＇ diet composition was mainly grain foods, green vegetables, fruitages and meats. The distribution of three macronutrients was unreasonable. However, the intakes of total energy and carbohydrate were lower than the dietary reference intakes, furthermore, the intakes of calcium, high quality protein, vitamin A and iron from animal foods were lower than normal requirements. Conclusion It is important to adjust the students＇ diet structure, to increase the intake of high quality protein, carbohydrate, calcium, vitamin A and iron from animal food, so as to improve their nutrition level.