过热液氦均匀核化速率的确定

Prediction of the homogeneous nucleation rate of superheated liquid helium

预测不同压力下过热液氦的均匀核化速率是十分重要的,它与液氦的极限过热度密切相关。文中通过回顾动力学理论、分子聚集理论、涨落理论等研究液体均匀核化的方法,对过热液氦的均匀核化速率进行了计算,并且对各种方法进行了比较与分析。结果表明,用能量涨落理论来计算过热液氦的均匀核化速率是一种比较合理的方法。

It is quite important to predict the homogeneous nucleation rate of superheated liquid helium under different pressures, because it is connected closely with the limit of superheat temperature of liquid helium. In this paper, the homogeneous nucleation rates of superheated liquid helium are calculated by reviewing methods of the kinetic, the molecular aggregation and the fluctuation theory which are used to research on homogeneous nucleation of liquids, and besides, applicabilities of these calculation methods are compared and analyzed. It turns out that it is a reasonable method to calculate the homogeneous nucleation rate of superheated liquid helium with the energy fluctuation theory.