量子相变

Quantum phase transitions

量子相变是一种发生在绝对零度,由量子涨落而非热涨落导致的相变现象,满足著名的海森堡不确定关系。通过零温量子临界点的研究,可获知物质系统更广泛范围的行为,包括稀土磁性绝缘体,高温超导体和二维电子气体等。

Quantum phase transitions occur only at the absolute zero of temperature, driven by quantmn fluctuation not thermal fluctuation and dictated by Heisenberg＇ s famous uncertainty principle. A zero - temperature quantum critical point holds the key to understanding a wide range of behavior in many condensed matter systems. Examples include rare - earth magnetic insulators, high - temperature superconductors and two-dimensional electron gases.