从“摇摆”到“回归”——《静静的顿河》伦理审美意识形态辨析

From Waggling to Returning: An Analysis of the Ethical Aesthetic Ideology in And Quietly Flows the Don

本文试以特里·伊格尔顿有关文学的“意识形态生产论”阐释《静静的顿河》中由人物形象为价值符码的“作者-哥萨克意识形态”等多种价值体系的再生产张力。认为:作为哥萨克代言人的作家萧洛霍夫以深邃的历史洞见和悲悯的人道精神,揭示了几个世纪以来哥萨克群体与俄罗斯社会主流意识形态间难以弥合的历史隔膜。通过主人公葛利高里在寻求“伟大的人类真理”的艰难历程中,最终穿越主流意识形态的重重幻象,回归到真实的人的生存,表达了其哥萨克伦理意识形态的审美理想。

The author of this paper tries to clarify the reproduction tension between a variety of value systems in And Quietly Flows the Don with Terry Eagleton＇ s theory of ideology production. The author uses the author-ataman ideology as the means and the characters as the value code to explain this reproduction tension. The author thinks that Mikhail Sholokhov, the mouthpiece of ataman, with his deep historical insight and sympathetic humanistic spirit, reveals the historical gap which is difficult to bridge between the ideology of ataman and the mainstream ideology of the Russians. In this novel, Sholokhov shows his aesthetic ideal of ataman ideology through his description of Gregorian＇ s painstaking search for the great human truth, during which process the protagonist penetrates layers of historical illusions produced by the mainstream ideology and finally returns to the real existence of human beings.