论“三曹”诗歌的风格差异

The Differentianted Poem Styles of ‘San Cao’(三曹)

曹操、曹丕、曹植父子三人是“建安文学”的杰出代表,他们的诗歌具有共同的“建安风骨”特色,但同时也存在着明显的差异:曹操的诗慷慨悲凉、雄劲、质朴和古直,有一种雄浑壮阔的悲壮美;曹丕的诗委婉含蓄,秀美细腻,具有宁静、柔和之美;曹植前期的诗歌乐观开朗,昂扬豪迈,清刚健美,而后期隐曲深沉甚至哀伤忧愤,情绪低徊。本文从社会环境、个人地位和经历对作者作品风格具有决定性影响的角度出发,对“三曹”诗歌风格的差异进行了论述。

The father and Sons, Cao Cao（曹操）, Cao Pi（曹丕）, and Cao Zhi（曹植 ） are the three distinguished poets of their era.Their poems have the commonalities of ‘Jianan Style’.However, there are distinguishable differences among their poems： the poems authored by Cao Cao are tragically heroic,magnificent,rustic,with the beauty of solemnity;the poems authored by Cao Pi are euphemistic, reserved, elegant, and exquisite, with the beauty of serenity and delicacy; whereas Cao Zhi＇s poems in early period are optimistic, sanguine, heroic, and vigorous, the poems in later period become grieved, indignant and down. This article examines how social environment and personal experiences influence the style of poems. It studies the different styles of poems authored by ‘San Cao’ （三曹）.