对生玉米籽粒品质性状的杂种优势和配合力分析

Analysis on Heterosis and Combining Ability of Grain Quality Characters in Opposite Maize

本文利用对生基因转育获得的对生与互生自交系及其杂交组合,研究了对生性状对玉米主要品质性状的杂种优势和配合力的遗传效应的影响。结果表明:对生自交系籽粒品质性状的配合力效应一般高于互生玉米,在蛋白质含量上,对生F1杂种优势与普通互生F1无明显差异,而在油份和淀粉含量上对生F1较互生表现出明显的优势。不同组配方式对F1对生群体籽粒品质性状的杂种优势存在差异,在对生组合利用中通过互×互组配较对×对组配能使F1获得更高的蛋白质含量;选育含油量较高的对生系,利用对×对组合有助于选育高油杂交种;选育淀粉含量较高的含有不同对生基因的互生自交系作亲本,利用互×互组配有助于选育高淀粉对生杂交组合。

Effects of opposite character on heterosis of quality characters and heredity of combining ability were studied by using inbred lines and hybrid combinations of opposite and alternative, which were bred through opposite gene transfer in maize. The results indicate as fellows： General combining ability effect of grain quality characters in opposite maize is higher than that in alternative maize; there are no significant difference on protein content between heterosis of opposite F1 and heterosis of alternative F1 , hut opposite F1 on content of oil and starch express obviously more advantage than alternative F1 ; there are difference among different combination types for F1 heterosis of grain quality character of opposite community, so that F1 of high protein content can he hred through alternative x alternative comhination during opposite combination usage, hybrid varieties of high oil content can be selected through crossing opposite lines with high oil content, and hyhrid varieties of high starch content will be selected ,through crossing alternative lines with different opposite genes of high starch content.