汉族人下颌角相关测量与下颌角肥大诊断标准分析

An osteometry of mandibular angle and diagnostic criterion for hypertrophy of mandibular angle of Han nationality

目的了解汉族成年男女下颌角相关测量数据及影响因素,建立适合正常汉族人群的下颌骨肥大诊断标准。方法采集正常汉族人群头颅骨形态特征点数据,男女各200例,采用统计分析的方法对头颅骨几何形态结构进行定量分析,进行男女之间各几何特征值的特异性分析,提取能够反映颅骨与上颌、颅骨与下颌以及上下颌间结构关系的形态特征值,建立具有临床意义的下颌骨肥大诊断标准。结果汉族成年男女测量数据如下(男与女)头面比:(1·32±0·06)与(1·54±1·60);面颌宽比:(1·33±0·08)与(1·35±0·12);面中宽:(133·4±5·6)mm与(126·9±5·9)mm;下颌夹角:(72·0±5·5)°与(69·8±6·9)°;鼻梁-颏间距:(95·0±8·4)mm与(88·0±7·6)mm;头面宽比:(1·04±0·04)与(1·08±0·06);头颌宽比(1·39±0·14)与(1·46±0·11);下颌宽(105·9±6·4)mm与(94·0±6·0)mm;下颌左角(121·7±7·6)°与(123·5±7·2)°。其中面中宽、下颌夹角、鼻梁-颏间距、头面宽比、头颌宽比男女间差异显著(P<0·05)。结论汉族成年男女面中宽与下颌宽之比稳定在1·3左右,可以作为男女通用诊断标准之一。而在对个性化下颌角诊断及治疗中需要结合头面、面中、头颌宽比及下面部形态综合考虑。

Objective To investigate the data about mandibular angle of aduhs of Han nationality, establishing the diagnostic criterion for hypertrophy of mandibular angle. Methods The data of skull shape characteristic points of normal Han nationality, including 200 male and 200 female, was gathered. The geometric structure of skulls was analyzed quantitatively using the statistic analysis, the correlation of the various geometric characteristic values between male and female was studied, the values reflecting the structural relation between skulls and maxilla, skulls and mandible, as well as maxilla and mandible, and the diagnostic criterion for hypertrophy of mandibular angle was established. Results In male and female adults, the ratio of head length to width of middle face is （1.32 ± 0. 06 ） and （1.54 ± 1.6 ） respectively, the width of middle face is （ 133.4±5.6） mm and （ 126.9±5.9） mm; the angle between left mandibular and right mandibular is （72.0±5.5 ）° and （ 69. 8± 6. 9 ）° ; the distance between and mandibular is （ 95.0±8.4 ） mm and （ 88.0 ± 7. 6 ） mm respectively; the ratio of head width to width of middle face is （ 1.04 ± 0. 04） and （ 1.08 ± 0. 06 ） ; the ratio of head width to mandibular width is （ 1.39±0. 14） and （ 1.46±0. 11 ） respectively; the mandible width is （ 105.9±6. 4） mm and （ 94. 0 ±6.0） mm; the angle of left mandibular is （ 121.7 ± 7.6 ）° and （ 123.5 ± 7.2）°, in which middle face width, the angle between left and right mandibular, the distance between nose bridge and mandibular, the ratio of head length to head width, face width to head width are different significantly between male and female （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The ratio of middle face width to mandibular width of adults of Han nationality is about 1.3, and can be used as one of general criteria for diagnosing the mandibular angle of Han nationality. In addition, the ratio of head length to middle face width, upper face to lower face, head width to mandibula width, as well as geometric structure of low face must be considered in individual mandibular diagnosis and surgery.