腹腔镜术后并发呕吐相关因素分析

Related factor of post laparoscopic operative nausea and vomiting

目的探讨分析影响腹腔镜术后呕吐的诱因和发生机制。方法对5346例腹腔镜各类手术病人发生呕吐的853例进行病种、术种、性别、手术时间等因素的统计,分析相关影响因素。结果通过统计分析发现,女性呕吐发生率(79.6%)高于男性(20.4%);40￣60岁病人的呕吐发生率最高(60.3%);腔镜手术发生率(16.0%)高于非腔镜手术;普外科腔镜手术(19.0%)高于其他科腔镜手术(2.0%￣13.4%);上腹手术呕吐发生率(19.0%)高于下腹部手术(11.3%￣13.4%);手术时间大于3h者的呕吐发生率高达21.3%。结论腹腔镜术后呕吐与诸多影响因素有明显相关性,这些影响因素导致5-羟色胺等递质释放增加,出现恶心、呕吐症状。

[Objective] To analyze the related factor and mechanisms of post laparoscopic operative nausea and vomiting. [Method] 5 346 patients were underwent laparoscopic operation in total, vomiting occuring in 853 patients, and the etiological factor, sexuality, time of operation, operation types were recorded and statisticed in vomiting patient, and analyze the relative factor. [Result] The vomiting rate of female（79.6%） is significant higher than that of male （20.4%）; the vomiting rate of the patients that age from 40 to 60 is 60.3%, significant higher than the other age groups; laparoscopic operation group has significant higher rate of vomiting （16.0%）than non laparoscopic operative group; the vomiting rate of general laparoscopic operative group is 19%, the rate in other laparoscopic operative group is 2-13.4%; the rate of vomiting in epigastric operation （19%） is significantly higher than in hypogastric operation; the vomiting rate of those operation time lasting more than 3 hours is 21.3%. [Conclusion] Many factors obviously related to post laparoscopic operative nause and vomiting, those related factors promote transmitters （5-HT） to release and cause nause and vomiting.