阜新矿区矸石废弃地立地质量的研究

Study on site quality of wasted lands in Fuxin mining area

为了提高矿区废弃地生态恢复效果,通过典型抽样方法对矿区废弃地立地质量进行了调查研究。结果表明:阜新矿区废弃分为矸石山和排土场两大类型。随着停止排矸年限的增加,土壤理化性状逐渐改善。根据停止排矸年限将矸石山分为四种立地类型:停止排矸7年以内为Ⅰ类,7～15年为Ⅱ类,15～25年为Ⅲ类,25年以上为Ⅳ类。不同类型废弃地具有不同的生态重建途径,除Ⅰ类矸石山不能造林外,其他类型都可进行造林,但受立地质量影响,造林成活率有显著差异。研究成果对生产实践具有重要的指导意义。

To improve the ecological restored effect on the wasted lands, it has made some investigations with the sampling method of the site quality of the wasted lands. The result shows that, Fuxin wasted lands are divided into the waste hill and disposal site. Along with the increasing length of stopping discharging the gangue, the soil physical and chemical characteristics improve gradually. According to the length of stop discharging the gangue, the waste hills are divided into four site types： it is class Ⅰ within stopping discharging gangue for 7 years, class Ⅱ in 7-15, class Ⅲ in 15-25, class Ⅳ in more than 25 years. Different kinds of wasted lands have different ecological reconstruction means, all the land of different types can be afforested except the land in class Ⅰ, but it is influenced by the site quality in other types, the survival rate of afforesting has prominent differences. This research results, have important directive to production practices.