节水钻探新技术及其改型应用

New technology of water-saving drilling and its modified applications

传统的钻进工艺需要消耗大量的地表水，而干旱缺水地区钻探又经常会遇到缺水问题。针对这一问题，基于孔内地层水局部循环节水思维，研制了脉动器替代地表钻探泵的传统出水阀，利用地表钻探泵缸体中的水经过脉动器后形成水力脉冲驱动孔内潜水泵工作，使孔内地层水实现孔内局部循环完成正常钻进，可节水4／5-19／20。其潜水泵改型为液动冲击器、潜水泵改型成潜孔扬水泵、潜水泵改型成锤击打入式取样器，可实现孔底回转冲击钻进、抽取地下水满足缺水地区及时补充泥浆池供水的需要、在不扰动地层的情况下取得原状土。该节水钻探新技术在钻进过程中基本不消耗地表水，且不扰动地层，并能显著提高机械钻速，在干旱缺水地区具有广阔的应用前景。

A lot of surface water will be consumed in the course of drilling when adopting traditional drilling technology, and the trouble of lacking in water often occurs when drilling in droughty and water lack area. To solve this problem a pulsing device instead of traditional water valve of surface pump is developed in order to make local circulation of formation＇s water in bore hole. The water in surface pump nmning through pulsing device forms a hydraulic pulse to drive the submersible pump in down hole to work, realizing normal drilling using local circulation of formation＇s water in bore hole. This measurements can save 4/5 - 19/20 water. When the submersible pump is reformed to hydraulic impact device or reformed to down-hole watering pump, or reformed to hammer sampling machine it is possible to realize down-hole rotary percussion boring, to extract the ground water to meet the need of muddy water supply in droughty and water lack area, to take the sample without disturbing situation. When drilling with the new water-saving technology, the surface water almost will not be consumed, the strata not be disturbed and the drill penetration rate can be enhanced greatly, showing a nice future applied in droughty and water lack area.