胶粘剂对制鞋业工人个性特征的影响

Influence of Adhesives on Shoe Makers' Personality Characteristics

目的 探讨制鞋业工人接触胶粘剂后个性特征的变化及影响因素。方法 整群抽取成都市某制鞋厂接触胶粘剂的工人170人（观察组），非接触胶粘剂工厂的工人89人（对照组），对其进行EPQ问卷调查。结果 ①观察组的苯和正己烷浓度超过国家卫生容许限值，对照组未检出；②观察组的N、P因子分均高于对照组，差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；③男性观察组的P分高于男性对照组（P〈0．05），女性观察组的N分和P分均高于女性对照组（P〈0．05）；④在观察组内按性别分组，女性的L因子分高于男性，差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；⑤在观察组内按年龄分组，〈20岁组的P分高于20-30岁组，〉30岁组的P分也高于20～30岁组，差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；⑥对EPQ各因子作多因素logistic回归分析，结果 显示接触胶粘剂与P因子有较密切的关系，即接触胶粘剂会使P分增高（OR=2．505）。结论 接触胶粘剂工人的N、P因子分较高，情绪较不稳定，焦虑、淡漠，对外界的适应能力较差。应对接触胶粘剂的工人提供健康保护措施，切实保护工人的健康与安全。

Objective To study the change of personality characteristics and its influence factors of shoe workers after contacting adhesives. Methods 170 shoe workers （the observe group） who used adhesives in one factory in Chengdu and 89 workers （the control group who had no exposure history of adhesives were investigated by EPQ through cluster sampling. Results ①the concentration of benzene and N - hexane of the observe group was higher than that of country health tolerance limit, while in the control group no such things had been detected. ② N and P scores of the observe group were higher than that of the control group and the difference had statistical significance （P〈0.05） ; ③the P scores of male and female of the observe group were higher than that of the control group （P 〈 0.05） ; the N scores of female of observe group were higher than that of control group （P〈0.05） ; ④in the observe group, the L scores of female were higher than that of male （P〈0.05） ; ⑤the P scores of two age groups （more than 30 years old group and less than 20 years old group） were higher than that of the 20 - 30 years old group, respectively. And the difference had statistical significance （P 〈 0.05 ）; ⑥ Binary logistic regression analysis proved that there was a close relationship between contacting adhesives and P agent, that was, contacting adhesives could heighten the P scores （ OR = 2. 505）. Conclusions The N and P scores of the observe group are higher than that of the control group. Their emotions are not stable. The shoe workers who are exposed to adhesives are anxiety, indifferent and have not good adaptive capacity to the environment. So, we should provide health protection measures for shoe workers who use adhesives in jobs in order to guarantee their health and security.