从比较优势到竞争优势——中国外贸发展新视点

The Foreign Trade Development Strategy of China: From Comparative Advantage to Competitive Advantage

改革开放以来,我国进出口贸易实现了历史性飞跃,比较优势理论在我国对外经济的发展中起了重要的指导作用,但波特提出的鼓励创新,倡导竞争,发展科技的竞争优势理论,更符合当今以科技推动经济增长的新经济时代,对于我国制定对外贸易策略更具现实意义。我国应该积极的并在竞争优势的基础上调整我国的外贸发展战略:一方面通过改造传统产业,强化比较优势实现竞争优势;另一方面通过发展开放型经济培育国际竞争优势。

Since the reform and open policy, the Chinese import- export trade has an unprecedented growth. Comparative advantage theory played an important instruction role in foreign economy development of China. The competitive advantage theory which proposed by Porter encourages innovation, and promote competition and development of science and technology. It has more practical significance for the formulating of the foreign＇ trade strategy of China. Under the condition of New Economy, China should excavate competitive advantage positively, and adjust the foreign trade developmental strategy in the foundation of competitive advantage. On the one hand we must strengthen comparative advantage and realize competitive advantage through the transformation of traditional industry; On the other hand we must cultivate international competitive advantage through the development of the open- type economy.