社区自然资源管理的基本要素及政府的作用

Basic Elements and Government’s Role in Community-based Resource Management

社区自然资源管理作为一种将自然资源的可持续利用与社区居民的经济及福利水平提高相结合的管理方式得到了很多国家的重视，特别是发展中国家，在实践中也摸索出一些经验教训。社区自然资源管理突出了社区成员在资源管理整个过程的参与及主体地位，强调社区的决策管理权和受益权。通过简要介绍社区自然资源管理的概念及其基本要素，并分析政府在社区资源管理模式中应发挥的作用，希望对中国资源管理的可持续发展有所借鉴。

Community-based resource management, being a means to combine sustainable utilization of natural resource and better off economic livelihoods and welfare of community-based residents, has been concerned by most developing countries. And in practice it has achieved some lessom and experiences. Community-based resource management attaches much importance to the participation of the whole process and its principal status of resource management. It focuses on the right to make decision and right to profits from the community. The paper first briefly summaries the concept and fundamental elements of community-based resource management, then it analyzes the role of government in community-based resource management, expecting to providing some views on China＇s sustainable development of resource management.