四明山国家森林公园野生植物资源的开发利用与保护对策

Means of Development,Utilization and Protection for Wild Plant Resource in Mt.Siming National Forest Park of Ningbo

四明山国家森林公园自然条件优越,森林覆盖率高,野生植物资源蕴藏丰富,有高等植物1 226种,隶属于164科.根据用途可将它们分为食用、药用、观赏、工业用、饲料植物五大类,其中食用植物共有257种,占总数的20.96%;药用植物共有588种,占总数的47.96%;观赏植物共有383种,占31.24%;工业用植物共有342种,占总数的27.90%;饲料植物共81种,占6.60%.通过对四明山国家森林公园野生植物资源情况和利用现状的调查,提出合理开发利用园内野生植物资源的建议.同时由于人们尚未对野生植物有较好的保护意识,对一些已具商品价值的野生植物随意采集和肆意破坏,造成一些物种的不断减少,有的甚至濒临灭绝.我们就此提出一些保护对策,希望在保护前提下较好地开发利用这些野生植物资源,使这些野生植物资源得到永续利用.

IMt. Siming National Forest Park of Ningbo is abounded with a large variety of plants. The statistics show that there are 1 226 types of plants which are categorized into 164 families. Based on the usage classification, the plants can be classified as five types：edible, medicinal, ornamental, industrial, and feedstuff. Among these classes, there are 257 kinds of edible plants in total accounting for 20.96% , 588 kinds of medicinal plants for 47. 96% , 383 kinds of ornamental plants for 31.24% , 342 kinds of industrial plants for 27.90%, and 81 kinds of feedstuff plants for 6.60%. With exception of a few of species developed and utilized, a large number of them have been disorderly cut down or even destroyed. In this paper, the author makes some points as to utilizing the wild plant resources on the condition of preservation. Also, raising the awareness of protection and reasonable exploitation for the local residents is addressed in this article.