遥感技术在区域土地利用/覆被变化中的应用——以福建省为例

Application of Remote Sensing on Regional Land Use/Cover Change Survey——A Case Study of Fujian Province

研究目的:运用遥感技术快速查明福建省的土地资源状况与分布及其动态变化,为国土部门与政府决策提供科学依据。研究方法:采用人机交互式解译并结合自动分类对2001年LandsatTM影像进行解译。研究结果:(1)在自动分类基础上,运用人机交互式目视解译可获得较好的效果与精度。(2)福建省遥感调查土地利用总面积12398515.09hm2,林地和耕地为主要土地利用类型。(3)从土地利用变化分析,1996-2001年耕地面积减少11.78%,未利用地减少23.55%,而园地、林地、水域和城乡居民点及工矿用地增加。不同土地利用类型间也发生转移,耕地转化为林地和城镇工矿及交通用地面积突出。研究结论:运用遥感技术进行土地资源的调查与变化研究,能较准确、及时地为有关部门提供依据,并节省费用。

The aim of this study is to apply remote sensing technique in the survey of land use and its change in Fujian Province which could be beneficial to the decision making of the government. Methods of person-machine alternating operation and auto-classification were applied to interpret the TM images of 2001. Research results are as follows. Firstly, person-machine alternating operation has higher accuracy on the basis of automatic classification. Secondly, the total area is 12398515.09 hm^2 in Fujian, and forest land and cultivated land are predominant uses. Thirdly, according to the LUCC analysis, cultivated land area decreased remarkably between 1996-2001, while the orchard, forest land, water body, land for rural-urban settlements and independent industry increased. Large amount of cultivated land was converted to forest land, land for rural-urban settlements and independent industry, and land for transportation. The application-of remote sensing technique in the research of land use survey and land use change can provide precis, and quick information for government department and be cost-saving.