东北黑土区土壤容许流失量与水土保持治理指标探讨

Study on Criterion of Soil Loss Tolerance and Soil and Water Conservation in Black Soil Region of Northeast

在明确土壤容许流失量概念与意义的基础上,指出了我国东北黑土区现行的土壤容许流失量标准存在的不足。参考国内外土壤容许流失量制定的影响因子,以成土速率、水土流失类型与强度、土层厚度为主要参考指标,并提出以我国现行及未来一定时期内,水土保持实践中可能达到的限制土壤侵蚀的极限,作为确定东北黑土区土壤容许流失量的重要参考指标。综合考虑对黑土区内72条小流域水土保持实践的调查结果,初步确定了东北黑土区主要水土流失类型区土壤容许流失量指标及水土保持治理指标。

The concept and significance of the soil loss tolerance has been reviewed firstly, and then the shortcoming of the loss tolerance criteria being used in the black soil region of northeast China has been pointed out. In referencing to the experience in the world, the soil-forming process, the type and intension of soil loss and the depth of soil are the primary factors to constitute the loss tolerance criteria in the black soil region of northeast China, and especially, the high-point of soil loss control at present and a period of time in the future has been used as a most important factor for loss tolerance criteria constitution. Comprehensive analyzing the investigation result of soil and water conservation practice at 72 small watersheds in the black soil region of northeast China, the criteria of soil loss tolerance and soil loss control has been constituted for the primary soil erosion typical areas.