农业水灾脆弱性综合评价及生态减灾研究——以湖南省为例

Vulnerability of Agricultural Flood-Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Losses Reduction During Flood-Waterlogging Disaster Through Implementation of Ecological Measures——A Case Study of Hunan Province

农业水灾是洪水对农业水灾脆弱性作用的结果,减灾就应从减少洪水的发生频率和降低农业水灾的脆弱性入手。由于科学水平的限制,目前人类还很难改变洪水的发生过程,那么降低农业水灾脆弱性就成为减灾的主要措施,为此灾害脆弱性评价就成为灾害研究的热点问题。灾害脆弱性可以看成是生态安全性的另一面,故加强生态安全建设可以降低农业水灾脆弱性。文章以湖南省为例,选取汛期降水、森林覆盖率、农民人均收入等8个指标,对88个县域的农业水灾脆弱性进行量化评价,在此基础上进行脆弱性区划,并提出具体的生态减灾措施。

Agricultural losses result from not only the risk of hazards but also the vulnerability of flood-waterlogging disaster. It is critical to identify methods for minimizing the manifestation of flood-waterlogging flood-waterlogging condition and reducing agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging. The vulnerability of land-based production systems to natural disasters is a function of the systems, underlying ecological integrity. Therefore, ecological improvement and reconstruction may reduce agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging. The vulnerability of agriculture to flood-waterlogging in Hunan province is assessed based on eight factors such as precipitation, forest wreathe and income for every peasantry. The results of this assessment are used to determine optimal methods for ecological improvement and reconstruction to reduce agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging.